Who is considered one of the most celebrated ragtime composers? LAHM 2006.1.1662-08. He was a painist and first important jazz composer. And there were plenty who would listen. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. AKA Louis Daniel Armstrong. set the stage for Louis Armstrong to receive international recognition. When it opened in 1903, the Little Gem was as a hangout for early jazz legends such as Buddy Bolden and Jelly Roll Morton. During this time, Louis' musicianship increased as did his reputation as a highly talented cornetist. Five Essential Louis Armstrong Tunes to Listen to Before You Go, Selected by Joann Stevens, program manager of the Smithsonian Institution's Jazz Appreciation Month. Louis Armstrong, at 20, was a New Orleans cornet player sharpening his chops when he landed in the Tuxedo Brass Band. Mr. Armstrongs first cornet was performed at the Dreamland Cafe in Chicago by Erskine Tate, and he also performed at the Chicago Museum of Art as part of Tates symphonic jazz program. New Orleans In 1924, after a brief stint performing in Chicago with the King Oliver Orchestra, Louis Armstrong and his new wife Lillian Hardin moved from his native New Orleans to New York City in hope of advancing his musical career. Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 1901. What is Louis Armstrong famous for? Music, Blow, Soul. Armstrong changed the jazz during the Harlem Renaissance. Armstrong, who died at the age of 81, is remembered for his humor and generosity. Armstrong and his Hot Five bandhis then-wife Lil is on the right. Flushing Cemetery, New York, United States He had already toured with a number of major jazz bands by the time he was 17, and his talent was widely recognized. New Orleans Jazz History Tour by John McCusker. When did Louis Armstrong move to New York? It was very dangerous for a black child to venture outside black's. Armstrong died in his sleep the morning of the day following his death in the Corona section of Queens. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. In 1925, while Armstrong was performing in New York, Hardin went behind his back and inked a deal with Chicagos Dreamland Caf to make him a featured act. Though it is now home to a new court building and police headquarters, Louis Armstrongs birthplace near Tulane and Broad avenues is now marked with a plaque dedicated to him at the site. A commemorative postage stamp of him was issued on Sept. 1, 1995, in Louis Armstrong Park. By that time Armstrong was playing trumpet, and his technique was superior to that of all competitors. Omissions? Sidney Bechet's tone could be characterized by: Sidney Bechet insisted that the clarinet be equal to the, According to Max Kaminsky, Louis Armstrong's greatest quality was his. During this time he abandoned the often blues-based original material of his earlier years for a remarkably fine choice of popular songs by such noted composers as Hoagy Carmichael, Irving Berlin, and Duke Ellington. He retained vestiges of the style in such masterpieces as Hotter than That, Struttin with Some Barbecue, Wild Man Blues, and Potato Head Blues but largely abandoned it while accompanied by pianist Earl Hines (West End Blues and Weather Bird). On the draft card dated Sept. 12, 1918, Armstrong gives the address where he and his mother lived: 1233 Perdido St. His early years were hard ones. Louis Armstrong, Master of Modernism By Thomas Brothers W. W. Norton & Company, 608 pages, $39.95 A massive, and massively detailed new biography, reminds music mavens that jazz pioneer Louis . Its name mockingly referred to city alderman Sidney Story , who sought to create the district to control and reform prostitution in New Orleans. Jazz Vocal . These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. (February 2022) Congo Square ( French: Place Congo) is an open space, now within Louis Armstrong Park, which is located in the Trem neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, just across Rampart Street north of the French Quarter. His international reputation knew no boundaries. While it is widely accepted that Armstrong was born on July 4, 1900, some people believe he was born on August 4th. The Louis Armstrong Story with Reno Wilson" on Spreaker. The Hot Jazz / Cool Garden concert series at the Louis Armstrong House Museum will return this summer. Ladybugs songs from the 1920s, 30s, and 40s are infused with swing, country, and blues, in addition to old-school swing. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. He was one of the most influential figures in jazz and popular music, and is revered as one of the greatest musicians of all time. The Williamsburg Symphony Orchestra returns to the . Armstrong's parents were severely poor, his father was a factory . Many resources exist for information on the life and music of Louis Armstrong. Despite his success, Armstrong never forgot where he came from. Two statues in New Orleans have been erected in Armstrong's honor, one on the West Bank in Algiers adjacent to the Canal Street Ferry landing, and the other in Louis Armstrong Park - named in his honor. She even demanded that he be billed as The Worlds Greatest Trumpet Player. Armstrong was hesitant at first, but it turned out to be the best move of his career. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. His wife helped jumpstart his solo career. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Who were two of the most influential women in blues in the early 20th century? Updates? Unrestrained by directors and arrangers, Louis' recordings with the Hot Five demonstrate his genius. When tourists fly to New Orleans, it is through Louis Armstrong International Airport that they arrive. Louis Armstrong returned to New York, where he performed at Connie's Inn in Harlem and on Broadway in Connie's Hot Chocolates, and . The pastime helped to preserve African rhythms and music traditions that would work their way into jazz, less than a century later. I do believe that my whole success goes back to that time I was arrested as a wayward boy, he later wrote, because then I had to quit running around and began to learn something. Armstrongs appearance on the show was a sign of his growing popularity as a musician. He was also a charismatic performer, and his stage presence and personality were as important to his success as his musical ability. Wilson is a particularly fitting choice, as he also played the music legend in the 2020 film Bolden. His life and legacy are explored over a seven-episode run. When it comes to playing Jazz, Armstrong defined it. It was due to a heart attack, according to the cause of death. Armstrongs autobiographies included Swing That Music (1936) and Satchmo: My Life in New Orleans (1954). When Armstrong did leave the city in 1922 to join Joe Olivers band in Chicago, it would mostly be for good. He stayed in New York almost a year before he returned to Chicago. He also made several tours of Europe and Asia. NOLA travelers can get a feel for Armstrongs time on the river on the last of the citys authentic paddle wheels, theSteamboat Natchezriverboat, which offers nightly dinner jazz tours, featuring the Grammy-nominated Dukes of Dixieland, on its 15-mile roundtrip route on the Mississippi. Olivers Creole Jazz Band was the apex of the early, contrapuntal New Orleans ensemble style, and it included outstanding musicians such as the brothers Johnny and Baby Dodds and pianist Lil Hardin, who married Armstrong in 1924. He was one of two children born to Willie Armstrong, a turpentine worker, and Mary Ann Armstrong, whose grandparents had been slaves. Lil Hardin, his wife, was on the piano. Terms of Use In 1919, Oliver decided to go north and resigned his position in Kid Ory's band; Armstrong replaced him. There he learned to play cornet in the homes band, and playing music quickly became a passion; in his teens he learned music by listening to the pioneer jazz artists of the day, including the leading New Orleans cornetist, King Oliver. He worked his way from town to town and in St. Louis, jammed with the local musicians. He was extremely supportive of his hometowns musicians and the city as a whole. Armstrongs family was well-known for their musical talent, so he was born in New Orleans. His beautiful tone and gift for structuring bravura solos with brilliant high-note climaxes led to such masterworks as Thats My Home, Body and Soul, and Star Dust. One of the inventors of scat singing, he began to sing lyrics on most of his recordings, varying melodies or decorating with scat phrases in a gravel voice that was immediately identifiable. And it was outside its doors, on New Years Eve in 1912, that Armstrong celebrated by firing a pistol into the airan event that led to his arrest and confinement in the Colored Waifs Home for Boys. Commercial Photography: How To Get The Right Shots And Be Successful, Nikon Coolpix P510 Review: Helps You Take Cool Snaps, 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Marshmallow, Technological Advancements: How Technology Has Changed Our Lives (In A Bad Way), 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Lollipop, Awe-Inspiring Android Apps Fabulous Five, IM Graphics Plugin Review: You Dont Need A Graphic Designer, 20 Best free fitness apps for Android devices. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Be sure to consider what larger themes each symbol might reflect. For most of the rest of Armstrongs life, he toured the world with changing All-Stars sextets; indeed, Ambassador Satch in his later years was noted for his almost nonstop touring schedule. Armstrong was one of the most well-known and successful jazz musicians of the 1920s. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. What did Louis Armstrong do in the Harlem Renaissance? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Armstrong was a hard worker and was extremely curious as a child. What are the 5 stages of the nursing process? Having come from a poor family in New Orleans, Armstrong began to perform with bands in small clubs, and play at funerals and parades around town in New Orleans. As a sign of his gratitude to his Jewish benefactors, Armstrong later took to wearing a Star of David pendant around his neck. Armstrong, who relocated to Chicago from New York City in 1922, was a member of Joe Olivers Creole Jazz Band. The house that he shared with his fourth wife, Lucille Wilson, in Queens, New York City, from 1943 until his death in 1971 was preserved as the Louis Armstrong House Museum, which also maintained his archives. [WP] A struggling jazz musician, down on her luck and about to abandon her dream, encounters the ghost of Louis Armstrong in New Orleans. Louis Armstrong died of a heart attack in his sleep on July 6, 1971. The entertainer would spend much of the Prohibition era back and forth between Chicago and New York during one of his most productive periods, as a sideman and later as the leader of his Hot Five and Hot Seven bands. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Where was Louis Armstrong's first performance? This is the first of two broadcasts celebrating Louis Armstrongs birthday in July. As a young boy Louis Armstrong was very curious about New Orleans which was segregated at the start of twentieth century. The live concert performance was filmed on October 21, 1933, at Lyric Park. There are also numerous web sites devoted to him. What section of New Orleans was Louis Armstrong born? Louis: The Louis Armstrong Story 1900-1971. For best response, please call during business hours. The young Armstrong became popular through his ingenious ensemble lead and second cornet lines, his cornet duet passages (called breaks) with Oliver, and his solos. Sadly, Armstrongs birthplace was demolished decades ago, as was the Colored Waifs Home where he learned to play. Jack Bradley, fan, friend and photographer of Louis Armstrong, born Cotuit, Massachusetts, on 3 January, 1934 died March 21 2021 in Brewster, Massachusetts. It operated from 1897 until 1917,when, with World War I raging, the U.S. Navy forced the city to shut it down. What section of New Orleans was Louis Armstrong born? LA He was a close friend of many people, including African Americans. He played the guitar, Who was the father of the blues? Armstrong elevated the raw, gutsy Negro folk music of New Orleans funeral parades and honky-tonks to a new level of art with the creation of a unique instrument. Hi, Im Roberta and welcome to my blog! By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Over the course of three years, Louis Arm strong recorded a series of jazz classics called Hot Five (and later Hot Seven). What are the cleaning ingredients that are commonly used at home? Privacy Statement Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) One of the most famous musicians of the Harlem Renaissance was Louis Armstrong. Nearby South Rampart Street was part of the playground where the young Armstrong rambled, got in trouble, and heard music. In New Orleans, what was the famous square that slaves would gather to play music. Flower arrangements and cards are no longer permitted. A pioneering jazz trumpet and cornet player, bandleader Joseph "King" Oliver played an instrumental role in the popularization of jazz outside of New Orleans. 131 Copy quote. New Yorkbecame his second home away from New Orleans. He played a rare dramatic role in the film New Orleans (1947), in which he also performed in a Dixieland band. He recorded his first solos as a member of the Oliver band in such pieces as Chimes Blues and Tears, which Lil and Louis Armstrong composed. His statue stands in New Orleans, where he was born and is regarded as one of the greatest jazz musicians of all time. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. He played a rare dramatic role in the film New Orleans (1947), in which he also performed in a Dixieland band. Although Armstrong claimed to be born in 1900, various documents, notably a baptismal record, indicate that 1901 was his birth year. Louis Armstrong's Hot Five Louis' Chicago recordings and performances continued until 1929 when he voyaged back to New York with the hopes of performing on Broadway. A photo of him as Zulu made the cover of TIME magazine in 1949. Although hardly experiencing civil rights, African Americans were no longer slaves and celebrated their newfound freedom through jazz improvisation, playing whatever they wanted; they were not "restricted" to notes written on a page, but instead could play whatever they "heard" in their hearts and minds (the music was not read, it was played "by ear"). Bing Crosby said his friend Satchmo was the beginning and the end of music in America. New Orleans is proud that it began right here. He was always kept away from germs by carrying his trumpet mouthpiece with a folded handkerchief. Armstrongs time on the riverboats was his first exposure to musical literacy, and the by-ear musicianwho until that point would memorize his partswas forced to sight-read. 2 When did Louis Armstrong move to New York? It would be difficult to find a better embodiment of the American dream than Louis Armstrong, who was born in 1901 to a single mother in the rough, poverty-stricken Back O Town neighborhood near what is today the Mercedes-Benz Superdome. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. He was born at the turn of the century in New Orleans, but he believed he was born on July 4th (though he was born on August 4th, which he later denied). He played with such force that he often split his lip wide open, and he suffered from painful scar tissue that a fellow musician once said made his lips look as hard as a piece of wood. Armstrong treated his lip callouses with a special salve or even removed them himself using a razor blade, but as the years passed, he began struggling to hit his signature high notes. 34-56 107th Street, Queens, NY 11368 718-478-8274 2023 Louis Armstrong House Museum, 34-56 107th Street, Queens, NY 11368 718-478-8274, The Louis Armstrong House Museum is a constituent of the. Armstrong started for New Orleans, playing one-nighters in Minneapolis, Ohio (including a college date at Ohio University), and another swing through Kentucky, again, all territories Collins used to book in his vaudeville days. Up until the last year of his life, Louis Armstrong toured relentlessly, playing for anyone who would listen. Though his own bands usually played in a more conservative style, Armstrong was the dominant influence on the swing era, when most trumpeters attempted to emulate his inclination to dramatic structure, melody, or technical virtuosity. After serving his sentence, Louis began playing his horn in the noisy, smoke-filled musical clubs of what was then Black Storyville, the section of New Orleans in the vicinity of South Liberty and Perdido streets (where New Orleans City Hall is now). Armstrong is widely remembered for his rosy ballad What a Wonderful World, which he recorded in 1967, just four years before his death. He wasn't a small band man for long, though. I am a 33 year old wife, mother, beauty professional, blogger, amateur chef, craft maven and DIYer, living in a small rural suburb outside of San Diego, California. The man most people call Satchrno, Mr. Armstrong, lived by a simple rule: I never attempted to prove anything, only to provide a good show. Armstrong, a notorious gambler, was raised in New Orleans slum of the sea and worked with prostitutes, pimps, and prosti tutes. Armstrong was a member of several big bands in New Orleans, and he was best known for his interpretations of New Orleans standards such as Muskrat Ramble and When the Saints Go Marchin In. West End Blues-This King Oliver composition was popularized by Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five. He also became second trumpet for the Tuxedo . I think I have a right to get sore and say something about it.. Armstrong moved to Chicago to join Olivers band in August 1922 and made his first recordings as a member of the group in the spring of 1923. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. voice Besides the trumpet and cornet, what instrument did Louis Armstrong famously perform with? Joining a professional orchestra in the midst of the Harlem Renaissance, Louis continued to develop his music and added acting and comedy routines to his performances. In a strange twist, Louis Armstrong and the band did not play before a live audience. How did Louis Armstrong organize his recordings in the late 1920s? He was well liked for his mugging, wisecracks, and willingness to repeat programs that had gone over well, among other things. Wil Armstrong was born in a turpentine factory, where his father, Wil Armstrong, carved fur into naces. His mother also later abandoned the family (which also included Armstrong's younger sister). It was a memorable event for everyone involved. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Roots of Jazz lie in what musical traditions? President Nixon: I share the agony of millions of Americans at the death of Louis Armstrong. Armstrong, a U.S. Department of State official, traveled to Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. Write the letter for the word that best completes given sentence. Though it retired from printing in 1909, the Old Mint now serves as part of the state museum, featuring live jazz twice a week in its state-of-the-art performance hall and a world-famous jazz collection that includes Louis Armstrong's first cornet, his iconic handkerchief (he always used a hankie to wipe the sweat from his brow when he performed) and hundreds of letters and recordings. Jack Bradley, Slim Thompson and Louis Armstrong in Armstrong's kitchen, c. 1965. Armstrong is carried in triumph into Brazzavilles Beadouin Stadium during his African tour. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. (c) Discuss and Evaluate: Share your chart with a partner and discuss your responses. Armstrong played in various bands in New Orleans such as Kid Ory's Band and the Tuxedo Brass Band. The audience clapping in the film were later added to the film. Louis Armstrong was born on August 4, 1901, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Armstrong accepted, and he was soon taking Chicago by storm with both his remarkably fiery playing and the dazzling two-cornet breaks that he shared with . The People of Traditional New Orleans Jazz: If music is the essence of the New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park, then people are the heart of our story. It was a safe way to test greener pastures elsewhere, but with a round trip ticket, because he could always come back to New Orleans, says Raeburn. He often signed letters "Red Beans and Ricely Yours.". The Armstrongs lived in an upstairs apartment, according to James Lincoln. And though the city has made strides to commemorate himwith its airport, a downtown park and an annual Satchmo summer festivalthe struggle to preserve New Orleans early jazz sites continues. In 1924, after a brief stint performing in Chicago with the King Oliver Orchestra, Louis Armstrong and his new wife Lillian Hardin moved from his native New Orleans to New York City in hope of advancing his musical career. Both of them having incredible influence over each other. To this day, everyone loves Louis Armstrongjust the mention of his name makes people smile. Louis Armstrong's distinct voice and powerful performances made way for a legacy that endures nearly half a century following his passing. Then, in the third column, explain whether you think the story is sad, funny, or both. What is one of the most significant European contributions to early jazz? As a young boy in New Orleans, Armstrong formed a vocal quartet with his friends and performed on the street for tips. Armstrong with his mother and sister Beatrice in New Orleans in 1921. The crime earned him a stint in a detention facility called the Colored Waifs Home for Boys, and it was there that Armstrong claimed, me and music got married. He spent his 18-month sentence learning how to play bugle and cornet from the Waifs Homes music teacher, Peter Davis, and eventually became a star performer in its brass band. He toured extensively and recorded several albums. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. He also never stopped performing. While Armstrong is unknown to have made 1,500 recordings, many believe he did. Louis Armstrong was born in a poor section of New Orleans known as the Battlefield on August 4, 1901. Armstrong made no secret of his fondness for marijuana, which he described as a thousand times better than whiskey. In 1930, when the drug was still not widely known, he and drummer Vic Berton were arrested after police caught them smoking a joint outside the Cotton Club in California. Died . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He continued to entertain until his death in 1971, despite his status as a performer. The recently reopened Little Gem Saloon is one of the few success stories among the small cluster of dilapidated jazz relics on the 400 block of South Rampart Street. 1924 It was 1921 and, for Armstrong, a move up. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. What a Wonderful World Armstrong made this tune by Bob Thiele and George David Weiss a global anthem of unity and optimism that joined Grammy Hall of Fame favorites in 1999. This particular performance was extra special because it was also Johnsons birthday. It makes you forget all the bad things that happen to a Negro, he once said. In 1918, Mr. Armstrong met Daisy Parker, a 21-year-old prostitute. A little over a century ago, Joseph "King" Oliver, mentor to a wide-eyed teenager named Louis "Dipper" Armstrong, stood peering up the main track of New Orleans' Union Station on South Rampart Street. 3 Where did Louis Armstrong play in brass bands? Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Contents 1 History 2 Gallery 3 See also 4 References Louis Armstrong was born in a poor section of New Orleans known as "the Battlefield" on August 4, 1901. Louis Armstrong. When did Louis Armstrong start playing the horn? By the time of his death in 1971, the man known around the world as Satchmo was widely recognized as a founding father of jazza uniquely American art form. False Louis Armstrong performed with Fletcher Henderson's orchestra in 1924, staying with the ensemble for fourteen months. Con Arturo de Crdova, Dorothy Patrick, Marjorie Lord, Irene Rich. He gathered three musicians he had played with in New Orleans: Kid Ory, Johnny Dodds and Johnny St. Cyr. He would later joke that he had stopped a civil war. Some whites even called for boycotts of the trumpeters shows, but the controversy soon blew over after Eisenhower sent soldiers to desegregate the schools in Little Rock. New York: Da Capo Press, 1993. In the 1920's, Armstrong's musical career really began to pick up when Oliver invited him to play as his second cornet in his band. The most famous was his performance with Barbara Streisand in "Hello Dolly". Louis Armstrong 's origins can best be characterized as humble, he was born on August 4, 1901, in a slum of New Orleans known as "the Battlefield". Early life and career Corrections? Singing remained an important part of his stage persona from the beginning of his professional career. However, his Broadway dreams were not realized. 5 When did Louis Armstrong start playing the horn? A modest brown sign commemorates Congo Square, a spot in Louis Armstrong Park now paved and lined with trees around its perimeter, where, from the mid-1700s to the 1840s, local slaves would congregate to play music on Sunday evenings. The key to Armstrongs success is the discipline he brought to bear, says Bruce Boyd Raeburn, curator of the Hogan Jazz Archive at Tulane University. He worked as a junk man as a child to support his family, and he sold coal to supplement his income. Many scholars call Louis Armstrong the first great jazz soloist. Cookie Policy When Armstrong returned to New Orleans for a visit in 1965, he identified the museums cornet as his own after recognizing the grooves in the mouthpiece, which he filed himself in order to improve the fit on his lips. Only a few days after he arrived back in Chicago, OKeh Records allowed him to make his first recordings under his own name. How did Louis Armstrong influence others? At 17, Armstrong accepted a job with John Streckfus and his bandleader Fate C. Marable aboard theSidney, a New Orleans paddle wheeler, performing along the Mississippi, Missouri and Ohio rivers. Encouraged by his wife, Armstrong quit Olivers band to seek further fame. Louis Armstrong biography and history on AllMusic including birthday, best songs, existing and new album information, and more. In his last years ill health curtailed his trumpet playing, but he continued as a singer. His career of musical performances and acting continued until he passed away at home on July 6, 1971. Armstrong served nine days in jail for the bust, but despite his brush with law, he continued using marijuana regularly for the rest of his life. Teddy Wilson, who played with Armstrong in 1933, called him the greatest jazz musician that ever lived. The Arm Strongs lived at 3456 107th Street in Corona. He recorded popular songs like "When It's Sleepy Time Down South", "Heebie Jeebies", and "West End Blues" dozens of times each. Young Louis spent much of his boyhood in the care of his grandmother, but he also found a second home among the Karnofskys, a local Lithuanian-Jewish family who hired him to do odd jobs for their peddling business. He married Lillian Harden, the pianist in the Oliver band, on February 5, 1924. Louis Armstrong first played on a Streckfus steamer in 1918. A gambling hall owner relocates from New Orleans to Chicago and entertains his patrons with hot jazz by Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Woody Herman, and others. His influence as an artist and cultural icon is universal, unmatched, and very much alive today. Louis Armstrong/Place of burial. Although he sang such humorous songs as Hobo, You Cant Ride This Train, he also sang many standard songs, often with an intensity and creativity that equaled those of his trumpet playing. (1969). According to Express, he had his first run-in with the mafia in New York after he failed to honor a contract with a recording director/tough guy named Tommy Rockwell. His upbringing was influenced by the rags of Scott Joplin and the funeral marches that had formed the New Orleans. Developed a way of playing jazz, as an instrumentalist and a vocalist, which has had an impact on all musicians to follow; Recorded hit songs for five decades, and his music is still heard today on television and radio and in films; Wrote two autobiographies, more than ten magazine articles, hundreds of pages of memoirs, and thousands of letters; Appeared in more than thirty films (over twenty were full-length features) as a gifted actor with superb comic timing and an unabashed joy of life; Composed dozens of songs that have become jazz standards; Performed an average of 300 concerts each year, with his frequent tours to all parts of the world earning him the nickname Ambassador Satch, and became one of the first great celebrities of the twentieth century.
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